There are two main types of abortion: the abortion pill method and surgical abortion. How long you have been pregnant determines which method an abortion provider can use.
The Abortion Pill
Because the abortion pill method uses two drugs to end a pregnancy, it is considered a medication or medical abortion. The FDA approves the use of these drugs up to 10 weeks of pregnancy only (70 days from the first day of your last period).
The reason there is a time limit is that the drugs become less effective the farther along you are in your pregnancy. Some experts recommend not using the drugs past 9 weeks (63 days).
The Potential Risks:
- An incomplete abortion which may need to be followed by a surgical abortion (incomplete means the pregnancy ends, but not all of the pregnancy tissue comes out of the body)
- Heavy and prolonged bleeding
- Infection
- Fever
You may also have an ongoing pregnancy if the procedure doesn’t work.
Surgical Abortion
The length of your pregnancy determines the type of surgical procedure you have. If you are 12 weeks or under, an abortion provider can do a vacuum or suction aspiration.
If your pregnancy is over 12 weeks, the provider might use a curette, which is a sharp scraping tool, and possibly forceps.
Surgical abortions often require dilating (opening) your cervix (which leads to the uterus) and local or general anesthesia.
The Potential Risks:
- Perforation of the uterus (poking a hole with a surgical instrument)
- Infection
- Bleeding